What transport and recombination time scales are present?
IMPS
Performance Testing · Electrical & Electrochemical
Intensity-Modulated Photocurrent / Photovoltage Spectroscopy (IMPS/IMVS)
Probe charge transport, recombination and interfacial kinetics using modulated-light photocurrent or photovoltage.
- Price
- from£60 per sample, excl. VAT
- Turnaround
- 5 working days Preparation and scope dependent
- Available platforms
- ZAHNER CIMPS
- Typical outputs
- Complex IMPS or IMVS spectrumCharacteristic frequencies and time constantsBias or intensity comparisonOptical and electrochemical condition record
Why this service
What IMPS/IMVS can help you understand
IMPS and IMVS modulate light intensity over frequency and measure the complex photocurrent or photovoltage response. The spectra can compare transport and recombination processes in photoelectrodes and…
How do bias, light intensity or electrolyte change the response?
IMVS
Which interface limits photoelectrochemical performance?
Bias or intensity series
Choose the scope
Start from the question, not the tool
The method, preparation route and reporting depth depend on what you need to decide.
IMPS
What transport and recombination time scales are present?
- Best used when
- What transport and recombination time scales are present?
- Typical result
- Complex IMPS or IMVS spectrum
- Preparation note
- Declare biological hazards and confirm fixation, dehydration, temperature and disposal requirements.
IMVS
How do bias, light intensity or electrolyte change the response?
- Best used when
- How do bias, light intensity or electrolyte change the response?
- Typical result
- Characteristic frequencies and time constants
- Preparation note
- Confirm the applicable standard, dimensions, loading direction and number of replicates.
Bias or intensity series
Which interface limits photoelectrochemical performance?
- Best used when
- Which interface limits photoelectrochemical performance?
- Typical result
- Bias or intensity comparison
- Preparation note
- Confirm power, connections, operating state, access restrictions and permitted disassembly.
Common outputs
A result package matched to the decision you need to make
Fields, conditions, processing and file formats are confirmed before work begins.
Complex IMPS or IMVS spectrum reported with the agreed units, sample reference and measurement conditions.
Characteristic frequencies and time constants supplied in a labelled format suitable for direct sample or condition comparison.
Bias or intensity comparison provided with the processing basis and quality checks agreed during technical review.
Optical and electrochemical condition record included when selected in the confirmed reporting scope.
Sample requirements
What to provide before work begins
Provide representative, clearly labelled samples and identify the decision, feature or comparison that matters.
| Suitable sample | Submission requirement | Planning note |
|---|---|---|
| Biological / soft material | Provide fixed, preserved or otherwise stabilised material in the agreed container and medium. | Declare biological hazards and confirm fixation, dehydration, temperature and disposal requirements. |
| Test coupon / specimen | Provide labelled specimens prepared to the agreed geometry, orientation and surface condition. | Confirm the applicable standard, dimensions, loading direction and number of replicates. |
| Device / assembly | Provide a complete labelled device or assembly with drawings, interfaces and operating limits. | Confirm power, connections, operating state, access restrictions and permitted disassembly. |
Objective: state the decision, comparison or acceptance criterion the work must support.
Handling and access: declare hazards, instability, confidentiality, file constraints or special logistics before dispatch or transfer.
Questions and answers
Common planning decisions
Short answers to issues that can change preparation, scope, timing or interpretation.
What is the difference between IMPS and IMVS?
IMPS measures modulated photocurrent under controlled potential; IMVS measures modulated photovoltage under open-circuit conditions.
What is the typical turnaround?
Typical turnaround is 5 working days after sample acceptance and method confirmation.
Configure the service
Send the information needed to scope IMPS/IMVS correctly
- Sample form, material, dimensions and quantity
- Feature or decision the result must address
- Required comparison, acceptance criterion or reference
- Preferred output and reporting depth